Woodworking-machine.



Patented Feb. 4, I902;

F. E. ZIMMERMANNf WOODWOBKING MACHINE.

(Application flied Jan. 21, 1901.)

5 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

m: nonils mans co mom-u'ma. wnsuma'ion. q c

Patented Feb. 4, I902.

F. E. ZIMMERMANN.

WOODWURKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Jan. 21, 1901.)

5 Sheets-$heei 2.

(No Model.)

MM/human:

m: "calls rnzm co. movaumou wnmucn'ou. a. c.

No. 692,583. Patented Feb. 4, I902.

' F; E. ZIMMERMANN.

WOODWOBKING MACHINE.

. (Application filed Jan. 21, 1901. (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

1n: wnms Pums ca, morou'ma, wmmu'row, By C.

Patented Feb. 4, I902. F. E.. ZIMMERMANN.

WOODWOBKING MACHINE.

(Application filed. Jan. 21, 1901.)

(No Modal.) 5 Sheets- Sheet 4.

40 7 m 6' a? l 53 5a! a/ I- hill 4-11/ :[L 7 7a #7 1 "T. I u T HE j cm IE1 A1 ma/human:

m: uomus PETER! co. wu'rourna. wunmmdrg, u. c.

No. 692,583. I Patented Feb. 4, I902.

F. E. ZIMMERMANN. WOODWORKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Jan. 21, 1901.)

(No Mode'l.) I 5 Sheets8heet 5.-

my. m

Mama

m! noqius mans 00.. vnomuma. wmmm, n a

I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANZ ZIMME'RMANN, OF- NEVV YORK, N. Y.

WOOD'WORKING-MACHINE. I

SPECZFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 692,583,"dated February4, 1902. Application filed January 21, 1901'. Serial No. 44,009. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANZ E. ZIMMER- MANN, of the city, county, andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inWoodworking-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, whereinFigure 1 is a front elevation, and Fig. 2 a

plan view, of a Woodworking-machine embodying my invention. Fig. 3 is afront elevation, and Figs. 4 and 5 are side views, of my improvedcutter-head,which is a part of the machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Figs.6 and 7 are sectional views thereof on lines 6 6 and 7 7, respectively,indicated in Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a side elevation partly-sectional view ofa modified form of a woodworkingmachine embodying my invention. Fig. 9is a front elevation thereof, and Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail View inelevation of the mechanism for lifting the frame supporting the block ofWood to be planed.

My invention relates to woodworking-machines; and it consists of thehereinafterde-.

scribed construction of an end-wood-planing machine shown in thedrawings and of the particular construction of the cutter-head used inconnection therewith. The machine is designed for planing endwood, moreparticularly cutting or carving blocks and the like.

The frame of the machine wherein the operative parts thereof are mountedconsists of uprights A, connected by cross-ties B and B, beams O andbraces D supporting the ends thereof. The framewherein the materialacted upon by the machine is secured during the operation consists ofbeams E and crossties F, joining the beams together. This frame moves onrollers a,.mounted in the side bars 2 of bed G, and in correspondinggrooves provided in the projecting ends of ties B, the latter beingexactly in line with the former. It will be observed in plan view, Fig.2, that bed G is situated at an angle to the longitudinal axis of theframe of the machine. The object of this will be explained whentheconstruction of the cutter-head used in the machine and its mode ofoperation are described.

On the insides of the uprights A guides 3 are provided,engagin g withthe movable frame H, wherein shaft 4 of the cutter-head is'mountedinbearings on standards 5. This movable frame is balanced by weights 6,connected thereto by ropes 7, sliding over pulleys 8, revolving onshafts mounted in standards 9, secured on the top of the frame byscrewbolts or.in any other suitable manner. Two two-armedlevers 10 arefnlcrumed on shaft 7 11, mounted in hearings on brackets 12, and

have their forward ends connected by links 13 to the movable frame H,whereas their other ends are connected by links 14 to disks 15,rigidlysecured to shaft 16, which is driven by a belt or pulley 17, alsokeyed to the shaft 16. 'By means of this mechanism the movable frame His reciprocated While the ma- 1 chine is in operation.

The shaft 4, whereon the cutterhead I is mounted, is driven fromcounter-shaft 18, mounted in standards K, by means of an oscillatingelbow transmission consisting of shaft 19,- mounted' in bearings 20 and21, the

former being connected by'rods 22 to bearings 20, set on shaft 18, andthe latter being connected by rods 23 to bearings 21*, which are set onshaft'et. Counter-shaft 18 is driven .bya belt passing over pulley 2-l,keyed thereto, and the power is transmitted to shaft4= by belt 25,passing over pulleys 26 and 27, the former keyed to the counter-shaft 18and the latter to shaft 19, and by belt 28, passing over pulleys 29 and30, the former secured to'shaft 19 and the latter to shaft at.

- The cutter-head consists of a block 31, having a central bore, whereinshaft 4 is fitted and secured by set-screw 32, and upon this block arearranged and secured thereto the several tools composing the same. faceof the block 31 is recessed adjacent to The outerits outer periphery,and in this recess, slant- 7 ing from the center toward thecircumference of the block, is secured asaw-ring 33. Upon thecircumferential face of the block 31 cutters 34 are secured by screws35; The cutting edges of these cutters project through apertures 36 inthe saw-ring beyond the face of the saw and are set in the samedirection as the teeth of the saw 33. Another set of cutters 37 aresecured to the rear face of block 31 by screw-bolts 38. They are set toproject some distance beyond the circumference of the block 31 andapproximately midway between it and the points of the teeth of the saw.Still another set of cutters 40 are set in recesses 39, provided in theblock 31 and secured to it by screws 41. The edges of these cuttersproject through apertures 42 beyond the front face of the cutter-headand are set at right angles to the line of the teeth of the saw. Theyproject slightly beyond the edges of cutters :34, whereas the latterextend beyond the lateral edges of the teeth of the saw.

The object of this arrangement of the several cutters in the cutter-headis to secure the cooperation of all these several implements, to

the end that the surface of the block of end wood while being evened bythe cutting of the saw may also at the same time be planed smoothly. Thelateral edges of the saw, on

the outer face thereof, and the edges of the cutters 34 and 40 are setin a line ascending from the periphery of the cutter-head toward itscenter. This is done not only for the purpose of bringing these severaldevices one successively after the other in action upon the ma terialoperated upon, but also for the purpose of confining the action of thesetools upon the material operated upon to only one-half of the revolutionof the cutter-head. The object of thisis to avoid the jamming of thetools and frictional contact of the tools with the material operatedupon. It is for this reason and in accordance with the explainedposition of the several cutting devices used in the cutter-head that thebed wherein the frame holding the material operated upon moves and theupper guide thereof are set so that the material to be operated upon bythe cutter is fed to it, not at right angles to the shaft of thecutter-head, but parallel to the line that would connect the lateraledges of the teeth of the saw and the cutting, edges of theplaning-cutters, or, in other words, in a line forming a somewhat acuteangle with the axis of the cutterhead.

Though in this manner actually less than one-half of the cutter-head iskept in action upon the material, the result of this arrangement is bothquantitively and qualitively far in excess of any device heretoforeknown or used for such purposes, and all danger of such work and alldisturbance caused by heating of the tools are entirely avoided. It isalso for this reason that the cutter-head is mounted in a movable frameand is reciprocated during the operation, though by such reciprocatingof the cutter it is also made possible to use a comparatively small toolfor large blocks of end wood, because in such combination thisparticularcutter-head combines the'advantages of both a circular and arunning or reciprocating instrumentsuch as, for instance, of a band-sawand a circular saw and a reciprocating and circular planer.

The object of cutters 37 is to remove the shaving separated from theblock by the saw if the thickness thereof is greater than the thicknessof the saw. These cutters 37 can be adjusted higher (nearer to theperiphery of the saw) or lower, (farther away therefrom.) The object ofthe cutters 34 is to remove the but left by the saw and to roughly planethe surface of the block, whereas cutters 40, following them, completelyeven and smooth the surface, giving it a smooth glossy finish.

Though I have described the construction of the cutter-head so as toenable those desiring to use my improved woodworking-machine toconstruct such cutter-head, I do not claim it here, reserving itsconstruction as the subject-matter of another application for LettersPatent of the Unit-ed States, remarking that such cutter-head may alsobe used advantageously in other woodworking-machines-as, for instance,in machines of a modified construction, as hereinafter described, andshown in Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings. This machine is constructed uponthe same principle as the one described above. It is, however, soarranged that the cutterhead is reciprocated horizontally instead ofvertically, and the block operated upon by the cutter-head is fedvertically by gradually lifting the frame wherein it is secured. In thismachine the guides for the frame wherein the block operated upon by thecutter-head is secured are not vertical, but slanting, declining on aline parallel to the line that would connect the lateral edges of theteeth of the saw and the cutting edges of the planing-cutters set in thecutter-head. The cutter-hcad acts upon the block continuously whilemovof the carriage H rollers 46 are mounted to freely revolve onspindles 47, and similar rollers 46 are .set on spindles 47, set inclamps 45. The rollers engage, respectively, the upper andlower faces ofthe projecting guideways 3. They are provided to facilitate an easysliding motion of the carriage I-I upon the guideways. Carriage H isreciprocated on guideways 3" by the mechanism shown in elevation in Fig.9 and consisting of sprocketwheels 56, set on spindles 57 and connectedby chain 58, to which a finger 59 is secured. This finger engages inslot 60, provided in lug 61, which is integral with or secured tocarriage I-l. Spindles 57 are set in bearings 62, secured to the flangesof guides 3, and on one of these spindles 57 a rope-pulley 63 is set andrigidly secured thereto, which is driven by rope 64 from a suitablecounter-shaft or transmission. Shaft 4 is driven from countershaft 48,mounted in standards K, by a similar elbow transmission as the one usedin the machine described above, This transmission.

consists of shaft 49, mounted in bearings and 51, of'which the formerare connected by rods 52 to bearings 53, set on shaft 48, and the latterby rods 54 to bearings 55, set on shaft 4.

Shaft 49 is driven by belt 25,-stretchedover pu-lleys'26, securedtoshaft 48, and 27, secured to shaft 49. Shaft-His driven by belt 28,stretched over pulley 29, secured to shaft 49, and pulley 30*, seton'sliaft- 4 The frame for holding the block which is to be operatedupon by the cutter-head consists of beams E, joined by ties F, and islongitudinally movable in bed G and in corresponding grooves provided inties B and head B", securedto or made integral with beam 0 of thevertically-movable frame. This frame consists of the beamsC, the.aforementionedbed G, and'ties L, uniting them,-and slides on posts- Pand P, the former engaging in corresponding bores 19, provided inbeam-(J and bed G, and the latter in slot 10', provided in ties. Posts.P'and P are screwed in the base of the machine,'an-d their upperends-are joined by ties 75 and beams 75 into one structure. The block'tobe planed is secured by screw-bolts and clamps in the'longitudinally-movable frame, which for this purpose may be Withdrawnfrom the vertically-movable frame and then again reinserted,- and as thecutting'and planing operation progresses is successively fed by raisingthe vertically-movable frame. For this purpose rack 67, secured to beam0 g by screws 68 or in other suitable manner, engageswith cog-wheel 69,which is mounted on a shaft 70, revolving in bearings 71. Roller 85, setto revolve on stud 86, mounted in lug 87, which is secured to tie 75,acts on the-rack 67, holding it in engagement with the cog-wheel 69. Onthe same shaft 70 ratchet-wheel 72 and lever 74 are mounted, the formerbeing rigidly secured thereto. Pawl 73, pivoted to lever 74:, engageswith ratchet-wheel 72, and thus by each downward motion of lever 74 theratchet-wheel is moved to the extent of the motion of the le- Oog-Wheel69,-turning with the shaft, draws rack 67, and with it the framesupporting the block, upwardly. Pawl 76,.pivoted on pin 77, set in lugs78, looks the ratchetwheel 72 while lever '74 is moved upwardly, andthus holds, the frame in" the position to which it was lifted by themotion of the lever 74. Pawl 76 isheld in engagement with ratchet-wheel72 by'spring 89, set on pin 77,

and is integral with lever 79, engaging with one arm of bell-crank lever80. The other arm of bell-crank lever 80 is connected to brake-band '81,whose one end is secured to clamp 82, attached to the tie 75, and theother to handle 83. Brake-band 81 is passed over pulley 84, which isalso rigidly secured to shaft; This device is provided for reducing thespeed and force of the frame when the planing of the block isaccomplished and the frame returned to its lowermost position. This isdone by pulling handle 83 downwardly, whereby the pawl '76is firstdisen-.

'blo ckto be planed may be placed with the face to be'planed inhorizontal position and the. shaft revolving the cutterin a nearlyvertical position, its deviation from vertical position being such as toenable a cutter to operate upon the block in the manner hereinbeforeexplained;

The operation of the machine as far as the action of the cutter and theseveral tools, the

saw'and the cutters, is concerned is exactly the sameas explained withreference to the machine-described above, and the operation of thecutter upon the block is the same whether the cutter is reciprocated andthe blockstationary or vice versa.

I claim asmy invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 4 1.Awoodworking-machine comprising a frame, a shaft mounted therein, acutter-head set on the shaft and comprising a block, a circular sawsecured to the block and projecting beyond its'circumference, cutterssecured to the block on the rear sideof the saw and havin g theircutting edges set parallel to, and beyond the teeth of the sawandplaning-cutters secured to the block with their edges projectingforward beyond the plane of the saw in a line progressively ascendingfrom the lateral L the saw and of the cutters set in the cutter* head,substantially as described; a framefor holding the material tobeoperated upon by the cutter-head, set movably in the guides and meansfor rotating the shaft.

' 2. A woodworking-machinecomprising a stationary frame, a reciprocatingframe movably mounted therein,'a shaft mounted in the reciprocatingframe; a cutter-head secured to the shaft andcomprising a block, acircular saw secured to the block and projecting beyonditscircumference, cutters secured to the block on the rear side of the sawand having their cutting edges set parallel to, and beyond the teeth ofthe saw and planing-cutters secured to the blockwith their edgesprojecting forward beyond the plane of the saw in a line progressivelyascending from the lateral edge of the-teeth of the saw toward thecenter of the cutter-head, guides secured to the stationary frame of themachine in a line parallelto the progressively-ascending line of theedges of the saw and of the cutters set in the cutter= head,substantially as described; a frame for holding the material to beoperated upon by the cutter-head, set movably in the guides; means forrotating the cutter-head and means for reciprocating the movable frame.

3. A wood-planing machine comprising a stationary frame and areciprocating frame, a shaft mounted in the reciprocating frame, arotary cutting device secured to the shaft and 5 provided with sawingand planing tools ar- I ranged progressively in a line rising from the iperiphery toward the center of the rotary cutting device;guidewayssecnred to the stationary frame and set in a line parallel tothe line a marked by the edges of the different tools in the rotarycutting device; a frame for feeding the material to be operated upon bythe rotary cutting device set inovably in the guide- Ways; means forreciprocating the movable frame and means for rotating the shaft.

FRANZ E. ZIMMERMANN.

\Vitnesses:

J OHN A. PAULSON, ROBERT VALENTINE MATHEWS.

